高考常见介词的用法及区别--表示期限等介词

高考常见介词的用法及区别--表示期限等介词
表示期限等用 before, by, until/till, (from...) to, within, in
（1）before与by
before 指“在...之前”； by 指“在...前（时间），截至（到）...”。表示“在...以前”时，before 与 by 基本可通用。但 by 还有“截至...为止”之意，如：
How many English books had you read by the end of last year?
到去年年底以前你看过多少本英文书？
How many models have you made by the end of last month?
截至上月底你做了多少个模型？
（2）until/till与to
until/till 指“直到...为止”，until 和 till 可以通用。由 until/till 形成的句子，句中的动词如果是短暂性动词，则必须用否定句。
① till/until 常用于"from...till/until"结构中，表示“一个动作的终结”；

② to 常用在"from...to"的结构中，用来表示“一个阶段的终结”。

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两者在这种结构中意义十分接近如：
I'll wait for him until he comes here.
我将在这儿一直等到他来。（wait 是延续动词，用肯定式）
We didn't begin to watch TV until/till nine o'clock.
一直到九点，我们才开始看电视。（begin 是短暂性动词，所以用否定式）
The Americans stayed here from June to September.
这些美国人从六月到九月都呆在这里。
★ 注意：如果句中没有from...，就要用till/until 而不用 to。如：
Let's start now and work till dark.
让我们现在开始工作一直到天黑。（这里不能用to。）
（3） within 和in 后都必须跟时间段。within 强调“在...时间之内”，没有时态的限制；in 是以现在为基准，in an hour 是指从现在起1小时之后，所以一般用于将来时，如：
He will be back in five hours. 他五小时之后回来。
They worked hard. They finished the work within 2 days at last.
他们努力工作，结果终于他们在两天之内完成了这项工作。
I must finish painting the cat within/in five minutes.
我必须在五分钟之内画好这只猫。

1： Why not look for something interesting to do. _______ nothing means death.
A. Doing B. To doing C. To do D. Done
at my classmates’ faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A. Looking B. Look C. To look D. Looked
2： —What do you think made him put into prison?
—_______stealing the valuables.
A. Because he was accused of B. Accused of
C. Because of being accused of D. Being accused of
_______ for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits.
A. Blaming B. Blamed C. To blame D. To be blamed
3： The girl is still fast asleep, with her head ______ deep in arms.
A. bury B. to bury C. buried D. burying
Now that we’ve discussed out problem, are people happy with the decisions ______?
A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take
I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise________.
A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on
With a lot of work______, I couldn't go to see the doctor.
A. to be done B. done C. doing D. to do
4： John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work______, he gladly accepted it.
A. finished B. finishing C. having finished D. was finished
The gi rl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes _______on the wall.
A. fixing B. fixed C. to be fixing D. to be fixed
—Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
—Sorry. With so much work _______my mind，I almost break down.
A. filled B. filling C. to fill D. being filled
With the exam _______ tomorrow, I couldn't go to the cinema tonight.
A. holding B. held C. to hold D. to be held
5： _______the problem of land erosion(侵蚀) is getting more and more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it.
A. As B. With
_______ the problem of land erosion(侵蚀) getting more and more serious, the government is searching for a way to deal with it.
A. As B. With