虚拟语气种类以及在条件从句中的用法

虚拟语气种类以及在条件从句中的用法
一、语气的定义和种类
l、语气：语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。
2、语气的种类：
(1)陈述语气: 表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。如：We are not ready. 我们没准备好。What a fine day it is!多好的天气啊!
(2)祈使语气: 表示说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。如: Open the door, please。请打开门。
(3)虚拟语气: 表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。如: If I were you, I should study English. 如果我是你，我就学英语了。May you succeed! 祝您成功！
新概念课文
 新概念英语第一册教材
 新概念三

二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法
条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句，一类是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件何。在这种真实条件句中的谓语用陈述语气。如: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园。
如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如: If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。(事实上他昨天没见到你，因此也未能问你这件事。)
从句主句例句
与现在事实相反的假设 If + 主语+助动词的过去式（were, did, had）主语+ should/would/could/might+动词原形 If I had time, I would attend the meeting.
If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad.
与过去事实相反的假设 If +主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might +have+过去分词 If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.
与将来事实相反的假设 If+主语+were to+动词原形
If+主语+should+动词原形(注意不能是would)
主语+ should/would/could/might+动词原形 If it were to rain tomorrow, we would put off the sports meeting.
If he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next Monday.

1.I’d rather you ＿＿＿ make any comment(评论) on the issue(问题) for the time being(目前)
A. don’t B. wouldn’t C. didn’t D. shouldn’t

2.Wouldn’t you rather your children ＿＿＿ to bed early.
A. go B. went C. would go D. does

3.The manager(经理) would rather his daughter ＿＿＿ in the same office.
A. had not worked B. not to work C. dose not work D. did not work

4.If only the committee(委员会) ＿＿＿ the regulations(章程，规则，条例) and put them into effect(使生效) as soon as possible.
A. approve B. will approve C. can approve D. would approve

5.I am sure she would rather you ＿＿＿ the bad news and ＿＿＿ your sorrow(痛苦 with her.
A. will tell; share B. tell; share C. has told; shared D. had told; shared

6.It is high time that you ＿＿＿ a bath(洗澡，沐浴).
A. will take B. took C. had taken D. would take

7.She said that she would rather not ＿＿＿ the problem in the presence(在场) of so many strangers(陌生人).
A. to discuss B. discuss C. discussing D. discussion

8.I would rather you ＿＿＿ those important documents(文件) with you.
A. do not take B. did not take C. will not take D. not take